In 2012 per capita steel-producing 535 kg/person ˙, is close to or reached the developed countries, such as the United States, Japan, the same level. But because our country lack of scrap steel, cast iron growth rate is high, the domestic iron ore production is insufficient to support production of pig iron, iron ore external dependence nearly 70% in 2012. China's iron ore industry development huge achievement, but with the xs long radius 90 degree welded carbon steel elbow iron and steel industry development are not synchronized, compared with the demand. Mainly displays in:
(1) insufficient resources, domestic iron ore production is insufficient to support the needs of the domestic iron and steel production. According to the data analysis, the global iron ore reserves of 170 billion tons in 2012, mainly in Russia, Ukraine, Australia, Brazil, China, west Africa and other places. Among them, China's reserves of 5.667 billion tons, apparently with the Chinese steel production and the huge market demand does not adapt. Iron ore resources, poor, less impurity and mining life shorter carbon steel seamless eccentric reducer obviously, in the iron ore grade is on the decline, down from an average grade of 33% in 2000 to 28% in 2011.
(2) low industrial concentration, scale and ability are relatively weak, difficult to compete with the international mining giant. According to the relevant information to the iron mining enterprise is high-frequency ERW carbon steel tube numerous, but 88.77% is small mines, large mine accounts for only 1.72%.
(3) domestic taxes on iron mining enterprise, the enterprise core competitive ability is weak. According to the relevant data analysis, in recent years, the domestic iron ore concentrate fully cost in 550-900 yuan/ton, or about $75 - $145 / ton, an average of 625 yuan/ton, about a third of the iron concentrate cost more than $110 / ton. While the mining company cost in Australia, Brazil, India only 40 to 60 dollars/tons. In addition to the resource conditions differences, an important reason is that the domestic iron ore mine enterprise tax, the tax on enterprises up to 25 species, 12 kinds of taxes, 13 kinds of cost, sales taxes rise of 25% on average, sales tax rate highest iron ore mine in 2012 reached 35.42%, every tons of iron essence pink pay various taxes and fees for an average of 200 yuan, this is not only higher than iron ore mine in Australia, Brazil, only 4-5% tax rate and also higher than the average level in 6% of the domestic enterprises. Tax and fee burden is overweight seriously affect the domestic iron ore mine development and normal production and operation, affect the return to a reasonable price of imported iron ore, also affect the profitability of the steel industry.
(4) the "going out" unsatisfactory, rights and interests of imported ore, imported ore market chaos, pricing power disciplined by others. By 2011, China has implemented the rights and interests of overseas mining project total scale of 60 million tons/year, about 8.06% of total imports. Mainly include: sinosteel wa just the ore 10 million tons/year, baosteel wa treasure huarui company 10 million tons/year, baosteel's Brazilian treasure raj company 6 million tons/year, shougang Peru ore 7.6 million tons/year. Overseas mining project is implementing overall size is about 80 million tons/year, citic Pacific SiNo ore 24 million tons/year, anshan carrara iron ore 8 million tons/year, 12 million t/t, western wei lala company wisco, Liberia mountain iron ore 10 million tons/year. In the negotiation of a guinea, Cameroon, Gabon, Madagascar, projects, the total size of about 180 million tons/year. Chinese enterprises to go out for iron ore resources is facing huge challenges and risks. Prominent problems are: (1) the width and depth of the pre-project is insufficient, lack of necessary exploration and test, the feasibility study, the preliminary works such as eia. (2) the railways, ports and other infrastructure to become major constraints, such as guinea simao du project, to build a 650 km railway, 250000 tons of deep water port, a total investment of more than $12 billion. (3) mine construction investment is huge, enterprise alone, a striking lack of strength, the construction of 10 million tons/year of mine, an average of about $1.8 billion to guinea ore talks with a total investment of up to $18 billion, the enterprise under strain. (4) overseas mining unit investment cost is high, the financial income is not high, according to predict most of the investment project tons of ore to more than $100. For example carrara mining tons of mining investment cost $298, offshore cost $93.3 / ton. (5) the government's policy support is not enough.
In the international iron ore market monopolized by a few miners fact, under the condition of Chinese enterprises is weak for a long time, lack of voice, pricing, import ore prices remain high for a long time. From 2000 to 2011 in the three major mining control more than 60% of the trade, under the situation of our country imported ore prices rose to $163.8 from $26.55 / ton/tons, compared (1998-1998 annual average price), a total of more than pay billions of dollars.
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